Pergamum (frieze of Giants): * see Endnote<A>ü

The Pergamon Altar, monumental construction built during the reign of king Eumenes II (first half  2nd century BC) Pergamon, Asia Minor.  It is 35.64 m x 33.4 m; the front stairway 20 m wide; its base decorated with a high relief frieze showing battle between Giants & Olympians (the Gigantomachy).  The Pergamene kingdom was founded early 3rd century BC, initially part of Seleucid Empire.  Under Attalus I it achieved full independence in 228 BC.  His victory over the Galatians secured his power & ended their threat to the kingdom.  He began working on expansion at the expense of the Seleucids, eventually turning west to Greece taking Euboea.  His son Eumenes II continued to limit power of Galatians & became an ally of Rome in 188 BC (reducing Seleucid influence in Asia Minor).  This imposing temple is a statement by an emerging power in Asia Minor.

and see Chapter III, page 111

 

“statical treatment of static genera”:

static: characterized by a fixed or stationary condition; showing little or no change; lacking movement, development, or vitality

genera: Biology- major subdivision of a family in the classification of organisms, usually consisting of more than one species. Logic- a class or group of individuals. a kind; sort; class.

Therefor the expression as a whole means: the fixed handling of an unchanging class

 

Winckelmann (Goethe):

a publication by Goethe, 1805 ("Winckelmann und sein Jahrhundert" -Winckelmann and His Century).  Winckelmann (1717-68) was a German art historian & archaeologist, a pioneering Hellenist who first articulated the difference between Greek & Roman art.  Winckelmann was a prominent antiquarian; his influence on 19th-century thought was immense.  To Goethe he was "a latter-day Greek," his works "alive and meant for the living... a portrayal of life, a living thing."

 

Velleius Paterculus:

19 BC-31 AD) Roman historian. His History (Latin: Historiae) is written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to the death of Livia in AD 29, most useful for the period from44 BC (death of Julius Caesar) to 14 Ad (death of Augustus).

 

form-domain:

form for Spengler is a broad category of expression of the Culture, the Soul, the Style, while a domain is a region, realm or range of personal knowledge or responsibility.  He is asserting that Western art historians classify as a style (e.g. Baroque) any form that makes a strong impression.  In fact this is a misnomer as Baroque is simply the Faustian great Style, but mature (Summer).

 

Palazzo Farnese: * see Endnote<B>

aka Farnese Palace, Rome, Piazza Farnese; important High Renaissance building, palace of the Farnese family.  Initially designed in 1517 by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (one of Bramante's assistants in the design of St. Peter's & an important Renaissance architect).  It was expanded in size & conception in 1534 when Alessandro Farnese became Pope Paul III.  Its history involved the most prominent 16th century Italian architects to include Michelangelo, Vignola & Giacomo della Porta.

 

St Patroclus: * see Endnote <C>ü

parish church, Soest, Germany; epitome of Romanesque architecture in Westphalia, known as St. Patroclus' Cathedral; holds relics of its patron saint Patroclus of Troyes from 954.  Originally a basilica consecrated to St. Stephen with 2 turrets; the building's great green sandstone mass is impressive, the most notable feature being its 80-metre tall tower with 4 smaller turrets on its corners, considered the most beautiful Romanesque tower in Germany (called Tower of Westphalia); notable too is the spacious forehall with loggia.  The first church was completed before 1000, there have been extensive reconstructions & enhancements, finished early 13th century.

 

Magdeberg Cathedral (interior): * see Endnote<D>

oldest Gothic cathedral in German, the proto-cathedral of the former Prince-Archbishopric of Magdeburg, its 2 steeples is 99 m and 100 m tall, making it one of the tallest cathedrals in E Germany; landmark of Magdeburg (capital city of Saxony-Anhalt) & houses grave of Emperor Otto I. Current cathedral built between 1209-1520

 

S German castles (staircase): see Endnote <E>

Augustusburg castle (located in E central Germany, south of Leipzig) built early 18th century by order of Clement Augusto di Baviera , a member of the Wittelsbach family & prince elector of the Archbishopric of Cologne .  The architects were Johann Conrad Schlaun and François de Cuvilliés the Elder. 

 

Temple of Paestum: * see Endnote<F>

Slightly confusing as Paestum Italy has 3 famous temples.  The 2nd Temple of Hera, built 460-50 BC, is a peripheral temple 6 x 14,  Used for worship of Hera, Zeus & another deity (identity unknown) It also is possible that the temple originally was dedicated to both Hera and Poseidon.

 

Erectheum: * see Endnote<G>ü

Greek temple, N side Acropolis, Athens, dedicated to Athena & Poseidon; built 421-06 BC, by. Mnesicles, sculptor Phidias (employed by Pericles to build Erechtheum & Parthenon); name refers to shrine dedicated to the legendary Greek hero Erichthonius, or legendary king Erechtheus; replaced Peisistratid temple of Athena Polias destroyed in 480 by Persians.

 

St Lorenz Nuremberg (late Gothic, early Baroque):

medieval church, Nuremberg, S Germany; dedicated to Saint Lawrence; nave completed 1400, in 1439 work began on the choir in the form of a hall church in the late German Sondergotik style of Gothic architecture, completed 1477.  West facade is richly articulated, reflecting the wealth of the Nuremberg citizens; it is dominated by the2 towers, mirroring St. Sebald and indirectly Bamberg Cathedral with a sharp towering West portal doorway, and an indented rose window 9 metres in diameter.

 

Mainz Cathedral choir (late Romanesque, Late Baroque): * see Endnote <H>

built over a span of 700 years, from 975 to 1769 this cathedral is predominantly Romanesque in style, but includes both Gothic & Baroque features in its exterior, additions made over many centuries.