<A>
Marienkirche (Castle of Wiirzburg): *
Heinrich I (bishop) built a new church at this location early 11th century, using some of the original structure; it became a pilgrimage church. In 1200 during the time of Konrad von Querfurt it became the church of the court of the princes of Würzburg; he made substantial changes to the building, increased the height of the cylindrical part & installed larger windows.
<B>
Salonika (St. George): *
The oldest of Thessaloniki's churches & some claim it is the oldest Christian church in the world. It is the most important example of a church from the early Christian period of the E. Roman Empire.
see illustration
<C>
Church of St. Germigny des Pres: *
The oratory took the form of a rough square with single apses in the middle of the north, south & west sides, 3 apses on the east side. Internally the form of a Greek cross: a high central tower filled the central bay, barrel vaults extended off in the north, south, east & west bays, while in the corner bays there were low domes carried on squinches. This plan type was later to become standard in Byzantine architecture. Horseshoe arches are extensively used, very unusual element for French architecture, derived from the Visigothic practices of Theodulf's native Spain.
<D>
wooden…eight-sided tent-roof: *
​
see illustration
church of St Demetrius of Thessalonica,
village of Verkhniaya, Uftiuga
1784
note polygonal (8 sided) structure
supporting tent roof
<E>
kokoshniks:
​
see illustration
The Church of St. Nicholas in Kolomna.
Five rows of kokoshniks completely
cover the vaults outside.
<F>
1760 Synod: *
Patriarch Nikon often passed near Putinki church on his way to the Trinity. This church, the Nativity church at Putinki (see below), is highly picturesque & the last tent like to church to be built. It consists of 6 exquisite tented roofs arranged in a highly unusual composition: 3 candle-like tents, placed in a row, crown the church, its refectory is surmounted by several rows of corbel arches and the 4th tent. The 5th tent is a bell tower placed between the church & refectory. The porch also terminates in a pyramidal roof. Commissioned by Tsar Alexis Mikhailovich in 1649, completed 1652. Nikon was offended by this church, he considered it to be in violation of canonical rules of Byzantine architecture. He proscribed building tented churches altogether. Construction of tent-like churches (like Saint Basil's Cathedral) was now strictly forbidden; many old uncanonical churches were demolished to make way for new ones, designed in the "Old Byzantine" style. This ruthlessness goes far to explain the unappeasable hatred with which the Old Believers, as they now began to be called, ever afterwards regarded Nikon and all his works. During his time at office, many beautiful tented churches were demolished, notably the ones in Staritsa and the Moscow Kremlin.
