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“Terentius Varro, in his examination of the old Roman religion (dedicated to Julius Cresar), distinguished with Roman seriousness between the theologia civilis…the theologia mythica… and the theologia physica….”.
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In all 3 of Varro’s divisions the word “theologia” is employed, meaning the systematic study of the nature of the divine. The first of his divisions, theologia civilis, is not a surprise. The second, theologia mythica, might be considered not unusual as it covers myths & epic poetry. It is the 3rd division, theologia physica, the nature of the gods, as evidenced by nature and reason, which stands out as unfamiliar. What Spengler is suggesting is that all of these categories, religion, literature & science, relate back to the Culture’s concept of divine, all 3 relate to the same thing. He is arguing against any clear cut division between “religion” and “science” by claiming they all have the same foundation in the Cultural Soul.