15.
Caesar’s reform of the calendar: *
Owing to political issues & disruption the Roman calendar had drifted seriously out of alignment with the tropical year. As official modifications were made quite late, the average Roman citizen often did not know the date, particularly if he were some distance from the city. The last years of the pre-Julian calendar were later known as "years of confusion" heightened during Caesar’s reign by a lack of date re-alignments.
Caesar experienced the Egyptian calendar (365 days) while campaigning in Egypt in 48-47 BC. After imposing peace he mentioned at a banquet his desire to create a calendar better than that of Eudoxus (credited with calculating the length of the year at 365 1⁄4 days). In Rome 46 BC he called on philosophers to solve the problem of the calendar, aided by the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria, the main architect of the reforms, combining the old Roman months with the 365 day fixed length of the Egyptian calendar & adding the 1⁄4 days of the Greek astronomy- leap year.